The google crawl process begins with a list of web page URLs, generated from previous crawl processes, and augmented with Sitemap data provided by webmasters. As the Googlebot visits of each these websites, it detects links on each page and adds them to its list of pages to crawl. New sites, changes to existing sites, and dead links are noted and used to update the Google index.
Natural links to your site develop as part of the dynamic nature of the web when other sites find your content valuable and think it would be helpful for their visitors. The keywords and phrases other sites use when they link to yours (or the anchor text that you use when linking back to your own site) affect how google sees your page. Incoming links to your site, also known as backlinks, help google determine your site's relevance to the user's query.
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